How to write 2013 in Roman numerals
Roman numerals are built place by place, from the largest value to the smallest. For 2013 the places are 2000 (thousands), 10 (tens), 3 (ones).
- Write 2000 as
MM. - Write 10 as
X. - Write 3 as
III.
Joined together, MM + X + III gives MMXIII.
2013 digit by digit
| Place | Value | Numeral | Rule used |
|---|---|---|---|
| thousands | 2000 | MM | the symbol repeated twice |
| tens | 10 | X | one symbol |
| ones | 3 | III | the symbol repeated three times (the limit) |
Check MMXIII by reading it back
Reading MMXIII from left to right and adding the pieces: MM = 2000, X = 10, III = 3. Together that is 2000 + 10 + 3 = 2013, so MMXIII and 2013 match.
Mistakes to avoid with MMXIII
- Never repeat a symbol more than three times in a row. When a fourth would be needed, the subtractive form takes over.
- Only I, X and C may be placed before a larger symbol to subtract, so MMXIII never contains forms such as VX or LC.
- Read MMXIII as one number, not letter by letter: add the values left to right, except where a smaller symbol sits before a larger one.
Facts about the number 2013
- 2013 is an odd number and composite, with prime factors 3 x 11 x 61.
- In binary 2013 is
11111011101and in hexadecimal it is7DD. - Written out, 2013 is "two thousand thirteen".
- The digits of 2013 add up to 6, so it is divisible by 3.
- As a year, 2013 was a common year with 365 days and belongs to the 21st century.
Where you will see 2013 in Roman numerals
Viewers spot the number 2013 written as MMXIII in the copyright text at the end of films. Studios use Roman numerals for release years because the practice is deeply embedded in film industry standards for credit sequences.
Numbers near 2013
FAQ
What is 2013 in Roman numerals?
2013 is written MMXIII in Roman numerals. It is built from MM (2000), X (10), III (3).
How do you write 2013 in lowercase Roman numerals?
Lowercase Roman numerals use the same rules, so 2013 is mmxiii. Lowercase is common for page numbers in a book's preface and for outline levels.
How do I convert any number to Roman numerals?
Split the number into thousands, hundreds, tens and ones, write each part with the symbols I, V, X, L, C, D and M, then join them from largest to smallest. Or paste it into the Roman numeral converter, which also converts back.
More roman numerals
- 2011 (MMXI): previous page
- 2014 (MMXIV): next page
- Roman numerals chart: the full list